Old nautical charts
Charts made for sailors: harbours and coasts with depth soundings, sailing directions and lighthouses, from the 17th-century Dutch and English chart makers to the US Coast Survey's charts of the 19th century.
Why they are free to use: Published long ago or made by the US Coast Survey: no US copyright. Each map's page shows its own licence basis and a credit line.
Harbours
Search “nautical chart of a harbor with soundings” for more, or ask Claude for it

A chart of the harbour of Halifax, in Nova Scotia; with Jebucto Bay and Cape Sambrô, also the islands, ledges of rocks, shoals & soundings.
1768 · Library of Congress

A chart of the harbour of Halifax, in Nova Scotia; with Jebucto Bay and Cape Sambrô, also the islands, ledges of rocks, shoals & soundings.
1778 · Library of Congress

Preliminary chart of main entrance to Charlotte Harbor, Florida
1863 · Library of Congress

A Chart of the harbour of Boston, with the soundings, sailing-marks, and other directions.
1777 · Library of Congress

A chart of the harbour of Boston
1775 · Library of Congress

A new and accurate chart of the harbour of Boston in New England in North America
1782 · Library of Congress

Preliminary chart of the entrance to Pensacola Bay, Florida.
1857 · Library of Congress

Chart of the coast of Maine
1837 · 10 sheets
US Coast Survey charts
Search “US Coast Survey chart of the coast” for more, or ask Claude for it

General chart of the coast. No. IV, from Cape May to Cape Henry. From a trigonometrical survey under the direction of F. R. Hassler and A. D. Bache, Superintendents of the survey of the coast of the
1862 · Library of Congress

Preliminary chart of the Atlantic coast - from the entrance of Chesapeake Bay to Ocracoke Inlet
1862 · Library of Congress

Preliminary chart of the northeastern part of the Gulf of Mexico, including the Strait of Florida. Autographic transfer 1861.
1861 · Library of Congress

Preliminary chart of the Atlantic coast from Cape Hateras to Cape Florida. Autographic transfer 1861.
1861 · Library of Congress

Preliminary chart of St. Helena Sound, South Carolina
1864 · Library of Congress

Preliminary chart of Wassaw Sound, Wilmington and Tybee Rivers, Georgia
1864 · Library of Congress

Chart of the Potomac River and Eastern Branch from the Sister Islands to Geesboro Point and thence to the Navy Yard Bridge - with the topography of the adjacent country - made in pursuance of a
1837 · Library of Congress

Preliminary chart of Calibogue Sound and Skull Creek forming inside passage from Tybee Roads to Port Royal Sound, South Carolina
1862 · Library of Congress
Oceans
Search “chart of the Atlantic Ocean with sailing routes” for more, or ask Claude for it

Trade wind chart of the Atlantic Ocean
1851 · Library of Congress

Nautical charts with numerous place-names along coastlines. Depths shown by soundings. Title from citation in Philip Lee Phillips' A list of geographical atlases, p. 246. Most maps in Dutch; text and
1705 · 3 sheets

A portolan chart of the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent continents.
1633 · Library of Congress

A new and correct chart of the Western & Southern Oceans: shewing the variations of the compass according to the latest and best observations.
1760 · New York Public Library

Pilot chart of the North Atlantic
1853 · Library of Congress

A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia.
1753 · 4 sheets

A New and correct chart of the Western and Southern Oceans: shewing the variations of the compass according to the latest and best observations.
1748 · New York Public Library

A chart of the sea coast from ENGLAND to the STREIGHTS
1702 · New York Public Library
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